Vaginal atrophy can affect women of all ages but it is more common that women between the ages of 40 to 59 will suffer from dryness, itching, and burning related to vaginal atrophy. In the top ten afflicting problems of menopausal women, this is often at the top of the list. It is not expected or predictable. Vaginal dryness is because of many reasons. In younger women, dryness can be caused by birth control pills, surgical treatments (like cystectomy or tubal ligation), emotional issues, and multiple other medical conditions. (more…)

Episiotomy is a surgical incision into the area between the vaginal area and anus. It may help speed delivery by letting the vagina open wide enough for childbirth. To facilitate the childbirth, doctors may place this small cut and this may prevent the vagina from tearing in an irregular line. Episiotomy requires stitches to close and heal the vagina. After episiotomy, it is important to clean the episiotomy area to prevent infection. (more…)

Heavy menstrual bleeding and clotting are common problems for many women. When women need to change three pads or tampons every hour, then they may be losing too much blood and they urgently need to be checked by their gynecologist. A complete pelvic exam and ultrasound will be performed. This may be the indication of some serious problem as well. It may be just a hormonal change that has occurred after a major surgery like a hysterectomy, or a minor surgery such as a cystectomy or tubal reversal. (more…)